B1) Pikeman: Reg. zu Fuss Nikolaus Palffy (4), about1700
Sources: R.Knötel, Die Gross Uniformkunde. Graz, Landzeughaus.
The only iconographic documentation of an imperial pikeman of this period. His clothing is enriched by
the sash around his waist, with the dynastic colours of the proprietary colonel. His armour also consists
of a heavy sabre and a gun.

B2) Musketier Gemeiner: Reg. zu Fuss Sachsen-Koburg (25) about 1690.
Sources: R.Knötel: die Gross Uniformkunde.
The absence of the bayonet in the equipment of this musketeer was due to the presence of pikemen in
this unit. This hypothesis was subsequently proven by the fact that, towards the end of the XVII century,
the regiment of the Rhine army and subsequently in Cataluña, where the pikes remained in use with
the infantry until the end of the century. Thirty years after, the black silk bowtie was still worn by the
officers of this regiment, and then became the Browne de Camus rgmt.

C1) Grenadier Gemeiner: Reg.t zu Fuss Guttenstein (24), 1699.
Sources: E.Gzegka, Uniformen der kaiserlichen Infanterie unter Graz: Landzeughaus.
The Grenadiers were a recent introduction into the infantry and they did not have an entirely
conforming equipment. They were still conditioned by the systems adopted in companion by every
regiment.

C2) Musketier Gemeiner: Reg.t zu Fuss Anhalt-Dessau (21), ca 1690.
Sources: Hummelsberger, Blatter für oesterreichische Heereskunde, A.von Wrede: Geschichte der
K.und K. Wehrmacht. Wien: Waffensammlung.
Until 1708, the colours of the uniform of the whole imperial infantry, were sundry. The textile used
more often after the grey was blues and greens. Also the dress and pants made from natural skin were
frequently worn until the end of the XVII century.

D1) Obrist: Reg. zu Fuss Osnabrück (39) 1701.
Sources: R.Knötel, Die Gross Uniformkunde.
In the first years of the XVIII century, it was still very popular amongst the officers to wear a breast
armour. When the prince Eugene decreed that during the fights all the official commanders fought on
horse, this defensive weapon fell speedily into disuse.

D2) Musketier Drummer: Reg. zu Fuss Nigrelli (18), 1703.
Sources: R.Knotel, Die Gross Uniformkunde.
All the musicians wore a tunic/livery whose colours were inspired by the coat of arms of colonel
proprietary. The coat of arms of the Nigrelli house was really complicated and in practice only the
principal colours: the red and blue were used, and this constituted the distinctive element of the livery
of this musician.

D3) Musketier Gefreiter: Reg. zu Fuss Nigrelli (18), 1701-02.
Sources: A.Wrede, Geschichte der K.und K. Wehrmacht.
Normally the uniform of the Gefreiter was identical to that of the other common soldiers. In other
cases they were differentiated with the use of a colored braid to the hat.

Отредактировано Rhannon (23.07.17 15:32:21)

A1- Grenadier Gemeiner: Reg.t zu Fuss Nassau-Weilburg; Oberrheinischer Kreis (OR6), ca.1705.
Sources: Soldberg/Belaubre: Les armèe qui combattirent Louis XIV.

A2- Musketier Gemeiner: Reg. zu Fuss Reischach; Schwäbischer Kreis (Sw5), ca.1707.
Sources: K.A.Soden, Nachricht von den Frankischen Kreistruppen...
Franconia, High-Rhine and Swabia were the circles of the empire that furnished the greatest number
of soldiers to the Reichsarmée, but also contributed to the bad governance and management of the
empire. They influenced the regular order of his contingent leading to the long term heterogeneity of
the equipment, and this was considered a bad decision.

B1) Reg.t zu Fuss Regal (23), ca.1711: Zimmermann, about 1707.

B2) Profoss, about 1707.

B3-4) Musketier Gemeiner: Reg. zu Fuss Regal (23), ab.1711.
Sources: H.L.von Regal: Reglment uber ein Kaiserlich Regiment zu Fuss.
Thanks to the rule written by the Obrist Inhaber Maximilian von Regal, this regiment became one of
the most documented of the whole Imperial Army of the first years of the XVIII century. The Profoss
(provost) were police leaders of the regiment and eventually took charge of the management of jails. In
the infantry regiment their leadership was considered as one of the most important, and their ranking
equated to that of a captain. The two soldiers are adorned in the campaign dress without the tunic, and
someway they remained with the Kamisol only during combat. The Zimmermann (sapper), completed
his armament with an attached gun to the shoulder bandoleer.

C1) Fourierschütz, Reg. zu Fuss Nikolaus Palffy (4), 1717.

C2) Grenadier Feldwebel: Reg. zu Fuss Harrach (14), ab. 1718.
Sources: E.Czegka, Uniformen der kaiserlichen Infanterie unter Prinz Eugen.

C3) Musketier Tambour: Regt zu Fuss Baden-Durlach (52) 1720.
Sources: Exerzierreglement des Regiments Oberst Graf Walsegg.

D1) Grenadier Gemeiner: Reg. zu Fuss Baden Durlach (58), ab.l717.
Sources: Exerzierreglement des Regiments Oberst Graf Walsegg; E.Czegka: Unifomen der kaiserlichen
Infanterie unter Prinz Eugen.

D2) Musketier Gemeiner: Reg. zu Fuss Jung Lothringen (49), 1717.
Sources: E.Czegka: Unifomen der kaiserlichen Infanterie unter Prinz Eugen.

D3- Grenadier Offizier: Reg.t zu Fuss Browne (25), 1718.
Sources: Knötel ‘Die Grosse Uniformenkunden’ .
The fashion of the new uniforms are Swedish in style, and they were been adopted since 1717 giving the
soldiers a more modern appearance. Some particularities of the regiments and accessories from the past
survived during many years, because, for obvious reasons, the entire supply of contemporary uniforms
and equipment could not be handled all at once.

A) Musketier Pfeiffer, Reg.t zu Fuss Deutschmeister (31) about 1701.
Sources: R.Knötel, Die Gross Uniforfmenkunde. A.von Wrede: Geschichte der K.und K.Wehrmacht.
Dark blue Tunic with lapels of the sleeves and stockings blue; braid and gilded buttons: “nests” of a
dark blue and yellow colour: Kamisol, Pants and ribbon of the tricorne redheads carmine; case box
of the flute in brass; bandoleer red carmine with yellow braid; white tie; accoutrements in leather of
natural calf, sheath of the sword in dark brown leather, gaskets and accessories of the accoutrements
and the sword in brass.

B) Musketier Hauptmann, Reg.t zu Fuss Deutschmeister (31), about 1701.
A.von Wrede: Geschichte der K.und K.Wehrmacht.
White Tunic, with lapels to the sleeves, Kamisol and lining blue indigo; stockings scarlet. White
buttons and braid to the lapels and the flaps of the pockets yellow gold; white pants; burnished steel
shell with gaskets in red velvet and gilded accessories, cross edged in natural metal; ; accoutrements in
natural buckskin; sheath of the sword in black leather, accessories and gilded gaskets; tassel to binges
of the supporter yellow gold: blade and ferrule in natural steel; tricorno with yellow braid and white plume, tassel white and black scarf of silk yellow gold with black edgings.

C) Musketier Gemeiner, Reg.t zu Fuss Wallis; (21), 1705.
Sources: “Esercitum des loblichen General Graf Wallisschen Regiment zu Fuss; in: W.Nemetz: Der Zeitstil in der Tracht des
Fussvolks unter Prinz Eugen.
Pearl grey Tunic, with lapels to the sleeves pearl grey, Kamisol and lining in blue; dark blue stockings; blue pants.
Scarlet tie. Accoutrements in natural calf leather; sheath of the sword in dark / black brown leather, gaskets and accessories in brass. The coat of arms on the purse in the lower right is that of the Austrian red-white-red with edges and crown gilded yellow.

D) Musketier Gemeiner, Reg.t zu Fuss Thürheim (33), 1708.
Sources: R.Knötel, Die Gross Uniformenkunde.
Pearl grey Tunic, with lapels to the sleeves carmine, Kamisol and lining pearl grey ; stockings and pants grey scarlet ;cravats and buttons brass. Accoutrements in natural calf leather; sheath of the sword in dark / black brown leather, gaskets and accessories brass.

Cavalry

PLATE A

1) General der Cavallerie, 1701
In the early years of the eighteenth century there was not a specific regulation for officers’ uniforms, which therefore they dressed according to their taste. In the early years of the eighteenth century there was not a specific ordinance for the officers, so they dress according to their taste. Although in Austria fashion was more austere, commanders resorted to all
attributes reserved to their status. The adoption of equestrian equipment such as the one pictured was very popular in the early years of century and launted spoils of war belonged to some important Ottoman officer.

2) Regiments-Kommandant, Commercy Cürassieren (Cür 11); end 17th century
Consequently the French occupation of Lorraine in 1672, and due to the presence of Duke Charles V as general commander of the Imperial army, a large number of Lorenese aristocrats entered in Habsburg’s service. The officers who served as cuirassiers adopted corselets and helmets in natural metal, to distinguish their self by Germans, instead used black
polished weapons. According to several contemporary witnesses, whole cuirassier regiments belonging to Lorenese colonels used natural metal armours and helmets. Until 1699 the officer sashes were in carmine red.

3) Wachtmeister, Jung Darmstadt Cürassieren (Cür 22); 1702
According to some sources of the early eighteenth century, the cuirassier regiment of Prince Philipp von Hessen-Darmstadt would receive buff leather Koller, darker than traditional one normally used. The regiment was formed a few weeks after the beginning of the Spanish Succession war and probably the emergency urged to equip recruits with supplies different than those normally employed. Since the end of the seventeenth century the use of laces on the cuffs had become the more common distinctive for non-commissioned officers.

PLATE B

1) Einspänniger, Corbeille Cürassieren (Cür 15); 1695-1704
In XVII century Austria the common cuirassier was identified as Einspänniger to distinguish him from the rest of the cavalrymen. About the cuirassier equipment, the early eighteenth century ordinances relate this description: “a good musket with wide shoulder strap and leather pouch, a pair of pistols, a good cavalry sword - Pallasch – of the old German model, and for dressing a good coat, waistcoat, trousers, two pairs of socks, a good pair of great boots, a pair of shoes, a good cloack, hat, gloves, a couple of shirts, ties, saddle cover and the bag of arms. A good saddle and all the equipment corresponding, a blanket and the more necessary items to clean”.

a - d) Cuirassiers’ Koller, 1690-1705
Any Koller of certain Austrian origin has survived intact to present day, however several contemporary sources show the existence of a little variety of patterns. The typical Koller for common cuirassier was realized with seven pieces of lambskin or calf with the anterior side in double layer. At the end of the seventeenth century, most Koller were lined with cloth and in some cases with flaps applied to the pockets, more often just to simulate it. The differences of patterns were originated by the fact that until 1706 the client was represented by the owner colonel, so the uniformity was almost impossible to obtain. Some features, however, were peculiar for Imperial cuirassiers, such as the colour of the cuffs: scarlet at the end of the seventeenth century for almost the regiments, and exceptions were very rare. Blue cuffs (b) distinguished Hannover regiment (Cür 17); black (c) for Hohenzollern (Cür 18), Gronsfeld (Cür 12) in green and Commercy (Cür 11) in yellow, while the Pfalz-Neuburg (Cür 10), still in early eighteenth century, was the only one with an elaborate dark pink cuffs with azure-blue lacing (d).

PLATE C

1) Cornett, Martigny Cürassieren (Cür 16); 1715
The standard bearers carried the company ensign either in battle or on parade, otherwise he held the same functions as lieutenant and the standard or guidon were assigned to senior corporal of each company. In the Imperial Army the standard bearers could intercede for the convicts and when they were re-admitted into the ranks had returned the honor waving above them the ensign. The Leib-Compagnie standard bearer had precedence over all others and were generally employed as parliamentarians with the enemy. Each cavalry company had a banner or guidon; the Leib-Compagnie was on white field, and
usually on the reverse was the imagine of the Virgin, in assumption or with the child Jesus. With a few exceptions, from 1690 the ordinary companies insignias had the field of the regimental colour, with on one side the two-headed black eagle and allegorical figures or the colonel coat of arms on the obverse. The complete inscription was ‘Dominus Providerit’; on the obverse fielded the two-headed black eagle with crowns and the arms of Austria redwhite-red, without the toson d’or collar.

2) Carabinier, Savoyen Cürassieren (Cür 1); 1717
Following the experiments introduced to in 1711, four years later in each cuirassiers regiment was introduced an elite company. Apart the carbine, slightly longer than normal cavalry musket and the straps with metal tip on the right shoulder, no other item identified the Karabinieren from the members of ordinary companies.

3) Gemeiner, Montecuccoli Cürassieren (Cür 21); 1709

4) Corporal, Mercy Cürassieren (Cür 23); 1710-20
The pearl gray coat replaced gradually the Koller in the cuirassiers regiments starting from 1706. Simultaneously also diminished the use of metal armours, with the disappearance of helmets, replaced more frequently by tricorn hats with a metal secret inside. Nevertheless the production of helmets continued throughout the first decade of the eighteenth century, destined particularly to the regiments engaged in Hungary.

Отредактировано Rhannon (23.07.17 16:19:06)

PLATE E

1) Gemeiner, Sereny Dragonern (Dr 10); 1695
This regiment, created in 1688 as Heissler Dragonern, worn the flashy yellow uniform until the early years of eighteenth century, then changed it with one in scarlet faced black. Since 1706 Imperial dragon regiments wore exclusively blue, red or green coat faced in different colours.

2) Gemeiner, Herbeville Dragonern (Dr 7); 1705
Armament for dragons was similar to cuirassiers, except for the musket and the sword, however, after 1705, the heavy Pallash was distributed more often to dragoons regiments also. Towards the end of the seventeenth century became common for soldiers to collect the hair in a tail, a custom that in the next century was gradually extended at the whole army.

3) Gemeiner, Schlick Dragonern (Dr 11); 1700
The mantle for cavalry was usually in double cloth, large enough to repair the horse rear, lined with regimental colour. In this example the mantle is garnished with an extra piece to increase protection from the rain, but the lining of the lower part, for the common soldiers, is in the same colour of the outer cloth.

PLATE F

1) Gemeiner, Vehlen Dragonern (Dr 2); 1708
The differences respect to the uniforms of the end of the seventeenth century was limited to a few accessories such as a smaller waistcoat and more homogeneous equipment. The typical cavalry Rock, even more close-fitting and adopting turnbacks, had already assumed the characteristic pattern will remain unchanged in the Austrian uniform until 1740.

2) Gemeiner Rabutin Dragonern (Dr 1); 1716
Until 1715 the non-commissioned officers of Imperial dragoons and cuirassiers were mostly equipped only with swords and saddle pistols. The regiments normally applied it only against ‘regular’ opponents as the French cavalry, but this ordinance was not always observed. However, since the war against the Turks in 1716-18, muskets and rifles were distributed to all members of the companies, except officers and administrative personnel.

3) Gemeiner Grenadier, Bayreuth Dragonern (Dr 13); 1718
The fur cap was the distinguishing feature of Grenadier-Dragon’s uniform, introduced into the imperial cavalry after 1715. As for the infantry, some regiments equipped their grenadiers with a curved sword, while others used the normal heavy cavalry Pallash.

PLATE G

1) Rittmeister Schönborn Dragonern (Dr 15); ca. 1710
The typical Austrian minimalism about the badges of rank was limited to a few elements, such as the scarf with the dynastic colours, in wool for junior officers and in silk for captains and regimental staff members. Other differences from the troop consisted in wearing waistcoat of regimental colour or lacing in white or yellow. Except who belonged to rich families, a large
part of officers lived alone with the means of their salary, which among other things - in the early years of the eighteenth century - it was not even paid regularly. Each officer was to achieve the uniform at their own expense, so it is easy to believe the contemporary relations, describing the Imperial officer corps dressed in very austere style.

2) Spielleuten, Oboen Savoyen Dragonern (Dr 4); 1702

3) Tambour, Battée Dragonern (Dr 6); early 18th century

PLATE H

1) Obrist, unknown regiment; end 17th century

2) Gemeiner, Czobor Husaren (Hus 2); ca. 1695

3) Wachtmeister, Gombos Husaren (Hus 7); 1702
Regarding the first regiments of hussars, contemporary iconography shows a great variety of clothing with soldiers dressed in different colours and accessories, in the same regiments also. Written sources also confirm that until 1707 no units received clothing on a regular basis, due to the financial difficulties of imperial treasury, forcing the regiments to improvised solutions. However, several authors described the uniforms of the first hussar’s regiments until their establishment, but the coherence between the different items seems uncertain and perhaps these uniforms would be only an intent and theoretical model. At the end of the 17th century, the regiment Deak (Hus 3) had dark green dolman with white cords and olives, red-green waist sash, trousers and bearskin bag in scarlet and dark green cover saddle. Another version of 1688 uniform for Czobor Husaren (Hus 2) relating brown dolman and white mentö, both with red cords and olives, red-white sash, trousers and cover saddle in azure and scarlet bearskin bag. The same sources according for the regiments created after 1701 the following uniforms: Forgach Husaren (Hus 4) azure dolman and mentö with white cords and olives, red-white sash, scarlet bearskin bag, azure saddle cover lined white; the same for Eszterházy (Hus 5) except red trousers, azure-blue bearskin bag, yellow instead white for waist sash, cords and olives; red saddle cover lined yellow-black. Loosz Husaren (Hus 8): all in red with yellow cords and olives, redyellow waist sash, azure-blue bearskin bag, azure blue saddle cover lined yellow; the same for Czungenberg (Hus 6) but in white instead yellow; red bearskin bag and saddle cover; Gombos Husaren (Hus 7), as illustrated, in complete pearl grey, greyred waist sash and red saddle cover, bearskin bag, cords and olives.

Plate E: Kreis Dragonern (1696-1709)

1 - Obersächsischer Kreis: Gemeiner, Sachsen-Gotha Dragoner (Or Dr 2); 1704.
The dragoon regiment of Sachsen-Gotha was the only cavalry unit from the Upper Saxony Kreis deployed with the Army of
Empire until the end of Spanish Succession War. The regiment was formed by four companies of 80 men each, including Primaplana. The adoption of white coat with red cuffs is certainly documented after 1703. The equipment clearly reflected the style of northern Germany.

2 - Niedersächsischer Kreis: Wachtmeister, Bothmer Dragoner (Ns Dr 2); end 17th century

3 - Fränkischer Kreis: Corporal, Aufsess Dragonen (Fr Dr 1); 1699

4 - Fränkischer Kreis: Gemeiner, Aufsess Dragoner (Fr Dr 1); 1701

5 – Westphälischer Kreis : Gemeiner, Venningen Dragoner (W Dr 1); 1709 .
The cavalry of Reichsarmée consisted of contingents from all Germany; equipment and identifying marks reflected the difference between the states. Also regarding the identification of ranks, several conventions existed more or less widespread and assumed. The Wachtmeister of Bothmer dragoons from Braunschweig-Lüneburg Celle, differed by ranks for the white cravat instead the black one and for the saddle cover lacing. The practice of dressing NCO with different colour respect the ranks was a characteristic practice in the Baroque era, especially in the infantry, while in the cavalry is reported very rarely. At the end of the seventeenth century this custom was still surviving in the Franconian regiment Aufsess Dragoner, which dressed corporals and NCO with yellow coat with black cuffs.

Plate F

1 - Schwäbischer Kreis: Offizier, Öttingen Dragoner (Sw Dr 1); early 18th century

2 - Kurrheinischer Kreis: Gemeiner; Vehlen Dragoner, Dragoner Garde (Kr Dr 2); 1703

3 - Niedersächsischer Kreis: Korporal, Völkening Dragoner (Ns Dr 1); 1704-08.
The three characteristic influences of the German military fashion in the early years of the eighteenth century are exemplified by these three horsemen: the Swabian officer in French style, the electoral Rhine dragoon most similar to the Austrian canons and finally the Korporal from Braunschweiger-Wolfenbüttel, with the short and tight Prussian-Brandenburg style coat. This dragoon is devoid of heavy boots, which in dismounted service were replaced by normal shoes. Whenever the situation allowed it, the officers also left the uncomfortable footwear and several commanders authorizing their subordinates to report for duty with slippers.

Plate G

1 – Fränkischer Kreis: Tambour, Aufsess Dragonern (Fr Dr 1); 1704-10

2 – Oberreinscher Kreis: Spielleute, Nassau-Weilburg Cavallerie (Or Cav 1); 1702-1714

3 – Schwäbischer Kreis: Pauker, Erbprinz von Württemberg Cürassieren (Sw Cür 2); 1702-14.
The cavalry of Reichsarmée did not include the same functions existing in the imperial one, so the regiments deployed any
elite companies; however, with regard to the regimental music, the units followed the same settings introduced in Austria. Each regiment of heavy cavalry had a timpanist, and in each company there was at least a trumpeter. In the dragoon regiment, in absence of the timpanist, there were a ‘Tambour’ and an ‘Oboe’; however, the Franconian and Swabian regiments of dragoons had Pauker in the Leibcompagnie. The coats with reversed colours was alternated in some cases by the adoption of liveries, inspired to the Inhaber’s coat of arms, as in the case of this Swabian timpanist dressed with the livery of the house of Württemberg.

Plate H

Information on the imperial and Reichskreis insignias of the period are rather scarce about the size. According to the
artifacts survived, the standards measured approximately 85 to 60 cm., the dragoons guidons had a flying between
130-150 cm, while the hussars pennants measured up to 2 meters.

1 – Ordinary standard Breuner cuirassiers (Cür 1), lost at Rummersheim, August 26th, 1709. 2 – Ordinary guidon, probably belonged to dragoon regiment Vaubonne (Dr 12), captured by the French at Cassano or Calcinato, summer 1705. On the reverse is the two headed eagle as for the 1) standard.

3 – Ordinary guidon hussars regiment Deak (Hus 3), captured at Cassano, August 15th, 1705.

4 – Ordinary guidon hussars regiment Ebergényi (Hus 1). Three insignias were lost at Concordia in the summer 1704,
when the French-Spanish cavalry captured 2.000 haiduks and 600 hussars.

5 – Colonel standard cuirassier regiment Nebot (S Cür 1); 1707-13.

6 – Ordinary guidon, dragoon regiment Bothmer (NS Dr 2), lost at Malplaquet, September 11th, 1709.

7 – Ordinary standard, cavalry regiment Osten (Ns Cav 5); 1703-14.